2006 Volume No 11– pages 43-56
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Title: Collagen-Hydroxyapatite Composites for Hard Tissue
Repair |
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Authors: DA Wahl, JT Czernuszka |
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Address: Department of Materials, University of
Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PH, UK |
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E-mail: denys.wahl at materials.ox.ac.uk |
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Key Words: Collagen Type I, hydroxyapatite, composite
scaffolds, biocompatible devices, bone substitute, tissue
engineering |
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Publication date: March 28th 2006 |
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Abstract: Bone is the most implanted tissue after
blood. The major solid components of human bone are collagen
(a natural polymer, also found in skin and tendons) and a
substituted hydroxyapatite (a natural ceramic, also found
in teeth). Although these two components when used separately
provide a relatively successful mean of augmenting bone growth,
the composite of the two natural materials exceeds this success.
This paper provides a review of the most common routes to
the fabrication of collagen (Col) and hydroxyapatite (HA)
composites for bone analogues. The regeneration of diseased
or fractured bones is the challenge faced by current technologies
in tissue engineering. Hydroxyapatite and collagen composites
(Col-HA) have the potential in mimicking and replacing skeletal
bones. Both in vivo and in vitro studies show the importance
of collagen type, mineralisation conditions, porosity, manufacturing
conditions and crosslinking. The results outlined on mechanical
properties, cell culturing and de-novo bone growth of these
devices relate to the efficiency of these to be used as future
bone implants. Solid free form fabrication where a mould can
be built up layer by layer, providing shape and internal vascularisation
may provide an improved method of creating composite structures.
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Article download: Pages
43-56 (PDF file) |
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